The development history of electronic components is actually a condensed history of electronic development. Electronic technology is a new technology developed at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. It developed most rapidly and was widely used in the 20th century, becoming an important symbol of the development of modern science and technology.

Electronic components

In 1906, American inventor De Forest Lee invented the vacuum triode (electron tube). The first generation of electronic products took the electronic tube as the core. In the late 1940s, the world's first semiconductor triode was born. It was small, light, power saving, long life and other characteristics. It was quickly applied in various countries, replacing electronic tubes in a large range. In the late 1950s, the first integrated circuit appeared in the world. It integrated many electronic components such as transistors on a silicon chip, making electronic products smaller. Integrated circuits have rapidly developed from small-scale integrated circuits to large-scale integrated circuits and very large-scale integrated circuits, which makes electronic products develop towards the direction of high efficiency, low energy consumption, high accuracy, high stability and intelligence. Since the four stages of the development of electronic computers can fully explain the characteristics of the four stages of the development of electronic technology, the following is a description of the characteristics of the four stages of the development of electronic technology from the four times of the development of electronic computers.

The rapid development of electronic component industry in the 20th century has brought about tremendous changes in the world and people's work and living habits. The development history of electronic components is actually the development history of electronic industry.

Electronic components

In 1906, American DeForrest invented the vacuum triode to amplify the sound current of the telephone. Since then, people have been looking forward to the birth of a solid state device, which can be used as an amplifier and electronic switch with light weight, low price and long life. In 1947, the birth of the point contact germanium transistor turned a new page in the history of electronic devices. However, this kind of point contact transistor has the fatal weakness of unstable contact points in its structure. At the same time when the point contact transistor was successfully developed, the theory of junction transistor has been put forward. But until people can prepare ultra-high purity single crystals and can control the conductive type of crystals at will, junction crystal tubes have really emerged. In 1950, the earliest germanium alloy transistor with use value was born. In 1954, the junction silicon transistor was born. After that, people put forward the idea of field effect transistor. With the emergence and development of material technology such as defect free crystallization and defect control, crystal exogenetic growth technology and diffusion doping technology, preparation technology of pressure resistant oxide film, corrosion and photolithography technology, various electronic devices with excellent performance have emerged one after another, and electronic components have gradually entered the era of transistors and large-scale and ultra large-scale integrated circuits from the era of vacuum tubes. Gradually form the semiconductor industry as the representative of high-tech industry.

Due to the needs of social development, electronic devices become more and more complex, which requires that electronic devices must have the characteristics of reliability, high speed, low power consumption, light weight, miniaturization and low cost. Since the idea of integrated circuit was put forward in the 1950s, the first generation integrated circuit was successfully developed in the 1960s due to the progress of comprehensive technologies such as material technology, device technology and circuit design. In the history of semiconductor development. The emergence of integrated circuit has epoch-making significance: its birth and development have promoted the progress of copper core technology and computers, and made historical changes in various fields of scientific research and the structure of industrial society. The integrated circuit invented by virtue of superior science and technology has provided researchers with more advanced tools, thus producing many more advanced technologies. These advanced technologies further promote the emergence of higher performance and cheaper integrated circuits. For electronic devices, the smaller the volume, the higher the integration; The shorter the response time is, the faster the computing speed is; The higher the transmission frequency, the greater the amount of information transmitted. Semiconductor industry and semiconductor technology are called the foundation of modern industry, and have also developed into a relatively independent high-tech industry.